What Is Vaping | Kintsu Counseling

What is Vaping? What It Is, Side Effects, & Risks

Published: October 31, 2023

I think of vaping as an experiment still in its infancy. I describe vaping to my clients as flying a plane that is still being built. It is a cognitive distortion to believe that vaping is safer because it has not been universally proven to be safer than cigarettes. Not to mention, there are safer options for the lungs, such as nicotine gum or edibles. I’ve known people who have suffered lung damage from cigarettes. I’ve also known people who have suffered lung damage from EVALI. My experiences with EVALI are much worse. In my experience, individuals suffering from EVALI succumb to more hardship with their health. Additionally, cigarettes only last until the cigarette is extinguished, while vapes have a much longer life span and are harder to monitor. That is dangerous. Additionally, EVALI seems to negatively impact people faster than cigarettes, which creates an acute crisis.

Vaping is a method of inhaling and exhaling vapor produced by an electronic device, commonly known as an e-cigarette. It’s often seen as an alternative to traditional smoking, as it delivers nicotine without the harmful byproducts of combustion. While it’s considered less harmful than smoking, it’s not entirely risk-free, and concerns surround its long-term effects on health. Vaping involves the use of electronic devices, such as e-cigarettes or vape pens, to inhale and exhale and

an aerosol, or vapor, created by heating a liquid solution. This solution typically contains nicotine, flavorings, and other chemicals. When the device is activated, the liquid is heated, turning it into a fine mist that users inhale into their lungs. Vaping is often touted as a smoking cessation tool, as it provides nicotine without the tar and many of the harmful chemicals found in traditional tobacco products.

The appeal of vaping lies in the wide variety of flavors available, which can range from fruity to dessert-inspired. This has made it particularly popular among young people. However, vaping has raised concerns due to its potential health risks, including lung problems, cardiovascular issues, and addiction to nicotine. Furthermore, there is ongoing research to better understand the long-term consequences of vaping, as its popularity has surged in recent years, especially among adolescents.

What is the Difference Between Vaping & Smoking Cigarettes?

Vaping and smoking cigarettes differ primarily in the way nicotine is delivered and the associated health risks. Smoking involves the combustion of tobacco, producing tar and thousands of harmful chemicals that are inhaled into the lungs, leading to a wide range of health problems, including lung cancer and heart disease. Vaping, on the other hand, heats a liquid solution to create an aerosol, which contains nicotine but lacks the harmful byproducts of combustion. While vaping is considered less harmful than smoking, it’s not without risks, and the long-term health effects are still under investigation.

How Does Vaping Work?

Vaping operates through the use of electronic devices, such as e-cigarettes or vape pens, which consist of a battery, an atomizer, and a cartridge or tank containing a liquid solution. When the device is activated, the battery powers the atomizer, which heats the liquid solution. This solution, typically a mixture of nicotine, flavorings, and other chemicals, is transformed into an inhalable aerosol. Users then inhale this vapor into their lungs. Vaping is distinct from smoking in that it avoids combustion, thereby reducing exposure to harmful byproducts like tar, making it a popular alternative for those seeking a less harmful way to consume nicotine.

What Are E-cigarettes & Vape Pens?

E-cigarettes and vape pens are portable, battery-operated electronic devices designed for inhaling a vapor created by heating a liquid solution. E-cigarettes, or electronic cigarettes, are generally larger and more diverse in design, often resembling traditional cigarettes or larger, customizable devices. Vape pens are slimmer and resemble pens, hence the name, with a compact form factor. Both devices consist of a battery, an atomizer to heat the liquid, and a cartridge or tank to hold the liquid solution, which typically contains nicotine, flavorings, and other additives. These devices have gained popularity as alternatives to traditional smoking due to their potential to reduce exposure to harmful byproducts while providing a similar nicotine experience.

How Does a Vaping Device Work?

In this section, we will delve deeper into the mechanics of vaping devices and explore how they function. Understanding the inner workings of these electronic gadgets is essential for users and those curious about the technology. We will discuss the key components of vaping devices, how they generate vapor, and the role each element plays in the overall vaping experience. By shedding light on the intricacies of vaping technology, you will gain a comprehensive understanding of how these devices have become a prominent part of the contemporary nicotine consumption landscape.

Most types of e-cigarettes or vape pens include:

A cartridge, tank, or pod that holds liquid (can be refillable)
A battery to power the device
An atomizer or heating element
A mouthpiece for inhaling the vapor
A sensor or button for device activation

What Is E-liquid or E-juice?

E-liquid, commonly known as e-juice, is the crucial component of vaping devices responsible for producing the vapor that users inhale. It is a liquid solution typically comprised of a few key ingredients. The primary constituent is nicotine, which can be present in varying concentrations, allowing users to select their preferred level. Alongside nicotine, e-liquids contain a mixture of flavorings, ranging from traditional tobacco flavors to an extensive array of fruit, dessert, and beverage options, catering to individual preferences. Propylene glycol (PG) and vegetable glycerin (VG) are the base liquids that dilute nicotine and flavorings. These base liquids influence the thickness of the vapor and contribute to the sensation of a throat hit. E-liquids come in a wide range of nicotine strengths, from nicotine-free options for those looking to enjoy the flavors without the addictive substance to high-strength versions catering to heavy smokers attempting to transition to vaping. The variety of flavors and nicotine levels available make e-liquids a versatile and customizable aspect of the vaping experience, appealing to a broad spectrum of users.

Ingredients commonly found in e-juice or e-liquid include:

Flavoring: Flavorings are a diverse group of additives that give e-liquids their distinctive tastes. These can range from familiar tobacco and menthol flavors to an extensive array of fruit, dessert, and beverage-inspired options, allowing vapers to personalize their experience. Natural and artificial flavorings are both utilized to create these diverse and enticing tastes.
Nicotine: Nicotine is the primary addictive substance in tobacco products and is an optional component in e-liquids. It is available in various concentrations, enabling users to choose their preferred nicotine strength, from nicotine-free (0 mg) to high concentrations (up to 50 mg or more for some pod-style devices).
Propylene Glycol (PG): PG is one of the two primary base liquids in e-liquids. It is a colorless, odorless liquid that is known for its ability to carry flavor and provide a throat hit similar to that of traditional tobacco smoking.
Vegetable Glycerin (VG): VG is the second primary base liquid in e-juice. It is a thicker, sweeter liquid that produces denser vapor clouds. VG is responsible for the smooth, thick texture of the vapor and is ideal for those who prefer a smoother throat hit.
Water: Water is used to dilute e-liquids, particularly in cases where a smoother, less viscous consistency is desired.
Sweeteners: Sweeteners are added to enhance the overall flavor profile of e-liquids, providing a pleasant, sugary note to the vapor. However, excessive use of sweeteners can lead to coil gunk and reduced device longevity.
Alcohol: In some e-liquids, alcohol is added to aid in flavor distribution and vapor production. It can also influence the throat hit and texture of the vapor.

Other Chemicals: Depending on the specific e-liquid brand and recipe, various other chemicals and additives may be included, such as stabilizers or pH adjusters. It’s essential to review the ingredient list when selecting e-liquids and be aware of any potential allergens or sensitivities.

Is Vaping Worse Than Cigarettes?

The comparative health risks of vaping versus traditional cigarettes remain a subject of ongoing research and debate. While vaping is generally considered to be less harmful than smoking because it eliminates the combustion process responsible for the majority of the harmful byproducts in tobacco smoke, it is not without risks. Vaping can still expose users to harmful chemicals and potential health issues, particularly in cases of long-term use or misuse of high-nicotine e-liquids. Both vaping and smoking carry inherent health risks, and the best choice for an individual depends on their specific circumstances, such as their smoking history and goals, and a thorough understanding of the potential health consequences is crucial in making an informed decision.

Vaping Side Effects & Health Risks

Vaping poses a range of health risks, although they are generally believed to be lower than those associated with traditional smoking. One significant concern is the potential for lung problems. Vaping has been linked to cases of severe lung injury, often referred to as vaping-associated lung injury (VALI). These incidents typically involve the use of unregulated or illicit e-liquids containing harmful substances. Additionally, the inhalation of ultra-fine particles and chemical irritants in e-cigarette aerosol can potentially harm the respiratory system.

Cardiovascular issues are another area of concern. While the risk may be lower than that associated with smoking, some research suggests that vaping may have adverse effects on heart health due to the nicotine content and other chemicals in e-liquids. Vaping can also lead to nicotine addiction, particularly among young people, raising concerns about long-term use. Furthermore, the effects of the numerous flavorings and additives in e-liquids on overall health are still not fully understood. It’s important to recognize that the long-term health consequences of vaping are an evolving area of research, and the safety of these products remains a subject of ongoing investigation.

Common health risks of vaping include:

Addiction: Vaping products often contain nicotine, an addictive substance that can lead to dependence and withdrawal symptoms. Nicotine addiction is a significant health risk, particularly for young users, as it may serve as a gateway to other tobacco products.
Anxiety: Some individuals report experiencing increased anxiety after using e-cigarettes, which may be attributed to nicotine’s stimulating effects on the nervous system. The link between vaping and anxiety is an area of concern, especially among those prone to anxiety disorders.
Depression: Vaping has also been associated with higher rates of depression, although the causative factors are complex. The use of nicotine and the psychosocial aspects of vaping may contribute to feelings of depression, emphasizing the importance of understanding the relationship between vaping and mental health.
Respiratory Issues: Vaping can lead to respiratory problems, including lung inflammation and coughing. These issues are often attributed to the inhalation of aerosol particles and chemical irritants, which can cause irritation and harm to the respiratory system.
Cardiovascular Effects: Vaping may have adverse effects on the cardiovascular system, potentially raising blood pressure and increasing the risk of heart problems. The combination of nicotine and other chemicals in e-liquids may contribute to these issues.
Nicotine Poisoning: In some cases, especially among children, accidental ingestion of e-liquids containing nicotine can lead to nicotine poisoning, resulting in symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and in severe cases, seizures or even death.
Oral Health: Vaping can harm oral health by increasing the risk of gum disease and dental issues. The inhalation of aerosol can also lead to dry mouth, which can contribute to dental problems.
Exposure to Harmful Chemicals: While vaping eliminates many of the toxins produced by burning tobacco, e-liquids can contain potentially harmful chemicals, some of which are not well-researched. Long-term exposure to these substances raises concerns about potential health risks.
Youth and Adolescent Health: The most substantial health risk associated with vaping is its appeal to young people. Vaping can lead to nicotine addiction in adolescents and may serve as a gateway to smoking traditional cigarettes, further compounding the health risks.
Long-Term Health Consequences: Vaping is a relatively recent phenomenon, and the long-term health effects are not yet fully understood. Research continues to explore potential risks associated with chronic e-cigarette use, making it crucial to remain vigilant about emerging health concerns related to vaping.

What is EVALI?

EVALI, short for “E-cigarette, or Vaping, Product Use-Associated Lung Injury,” is a severe lung condition associated with the use of e-cigarettes and vaping products. It emerged as a public health concern in 2019, leading to symptoms like cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, and even hospitalization and fatalities. While its exact cause isn’t fully understood, EVALI is linked to vaping products containing substances such as THC and vitamin E acetate, along with potentially harmful additives. Health authorities issued warnings, especially to young users, prompting calls for increased regulation and flavor bans on e-cigarettes and vaping products in some areas. Research into the risks of vaping products continues, emphasizing the importance of seeking medical attention if experiencing symptoms related to EVALI.

Common Symptoms of EVALI include:

Respiratory Symptoms:
- Cough
- Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
- Chest pain or chest discomfort
Constitutional Symptoms:
- Fever
- Chills
- Fatigue or weakness
Gastrointestinal Symptoms:
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea

Are There Benefits to Vaping?

Vaping has been considered by some as a potentially beneficial harm-reduction tool in the context of tobacco smoking. One of its primary advantages is its role in helping individuals quit smoking conventional cigarettes. E-cigarettes and vaping products can deliver nicotine, which is the addictive substance in tobacco, without the harmful tar and many of the toxic chemicals associated with burning tobacco. This can make it easier for smokers to transition away from traditional cigarettes and gradually reduce their nicotine intake, ultimately quitting nicotine use altogether. Additionally, vaping can provide a behavioral and sensory experience similar to smoking, which can help individuals address the habitual aspects of smoking.

Moreover, some proponents argue that vaping may have a lower health risk compared to traditional smoking, though the long-term health effects are still under investigation. While not entirely risk-free, switching to vaping may reduce the risks associated with tobacco-related diseases like lung cancer and heart disease. However, it’s essential to emphasize that vaping is not without health concerns, and its long-term consequences are still being studied. The potential benefits of vaping must be weighed against the risks, particularly for non-smokers and youth who might be drawn to these products, raising concerns about nicotine addiction and other health issues.

Vaping Among Teens

Vaping has become a significant concern in recent years, especially among teenagers. The relationship between teens and vaping is complex and multifaceted. Many adolescents are drawn to vaping due to its appealing flavors, sleek designs, and the perception that it is less harmful than traditional cigarettes. This allure has contributed to a sharp rise in e-cigarette use among teens.

One of the most troubling aspects of this trend is the risk of teenage addiction to nicotine. E-cigarettes typically contain nicotine, an extremely addictive substance, and the growing use of these products among young people has raised serious concerns. Nicotine addiction can have long-term consequences for adolescents, affecting their cognitive development, mood regulation, and overall well-being. Efforts to curb teen vaping often involve stricter regulations on the sale of e-cigarettes and increased public awareness campaigns about the risks associated with nicotine addiction, as addressing this issue is crucial for the health and well-being of the younger generation.

How do I Know if my Child is Vaping?

Detecting whether your child or teenager is vaping can be challenging, as many vaping devices are small, discreet, and emit minimal odor. However, there are some signs and clues that may indicate vaping:

Unusual Odors: Vaping often produces distinct scents, such as sweet or fruity aromas. If you notice unfamiliar odors on your child’s clothing, breath, or in their personal space, it could be a sign.
Changes in Behavior: Look for changes in behavior or mood, as nicotine in e-cigarettes can affect mood and energy levels. Irritability, restlessness, or a sudden shift in social activities may be indicators.
Physical Signs: Some physical signs may include dry mouth, increased thirst, nosebleeds, or frequent coughing.
Possession of Vaping Materials: Keep an eye out for vaping devices, such as e-cigarettes, vape pens, or pods, and associated paraphernalia like chargers, e-liquids, or empty cartridges.
Academic Decline: A sudden decline in academic performance or a loss of interest in school might be a red flag.
Secrecy and Deception: If your child becomes secretive about their activities, locks their door more frequently, or takes steps to conceal their actions, it may be worth investigating further.

Open and honest communication is crucial. If you suspect your child is vaping, have a non-judgmental conversation with them, expressing your concerns and discussing the potential health risks and consequences. It’s important to approach the situation with empathy and a willingness to provide support rather than punishment.

How do I Talk to my Child About Vaping?

Engaging in a constructive and open conversation with a child or teenager about vaping is essential for their understanding and making informed choices. Here are some tips on how to approach this discussion:

Choose the Right Time and Place: Find a quiet and comfortable setting where you can talk without distractions or interruptions. Ensure you have enough time for a full conversation.
Listen Actively: Start by asking open-ended questions and actively listening to their responses. Encourage them to share their thoughts and experiences, allowing them to express themselves without fear of judgment.
Educate Together: Share factual information about the risks and health consequences of vaping. Highlight the addictive nature of nicotine and the potential long-term health effects. Use reputable sources to support your discussion.
Avoid Accusations: Approach the conversation with empathy rather than accusations. Express your concern for their well-being and health. Avoid punitive measures, which can lead to defensiveness.
Discuss Peer Pressure: Talk about the influence of friends and peer pressure. Emphasize the importance of making their own decisions and the ability to say no when necessary.
Set Clear Expectations: Clearly state your expectations and boundaries regarding vaping. Make sure they understand the house rules and the consequences if those rules are violated.
Be Supportive: Let your child know that you’re there to support them in making healthy choices. Offer alternatives and coping strategies for handling stress or peer pressure.

Remember that the goal of the conversation is not to confront but to foster understanding and encourage responsible decision-making. By maintaining an open and non-judgmental dialogue, you can help your child or teen make informed choices about vaping and their overall health.

When to Seek Professional Support for Vaping

Seeking professional support for substance use is vital when an individual or their loved ones observe signs of dependency, or addiction, or when substance use negatively impacts their daily life, relationships, or overall well-being. Signs may include increased tolerance, withdrawal symptoms, failed attempts to quit, neglecting responsibilities, and preoccupation with obtaining and using the substance. Additionally, if physical or mental health issues arise due to substance use, it’s crucial to seek help promptly.

An online therapy platform and online therapist directory can be excellent resources for finding therapists who specialize in substance use. These platforms offer convenience, accessibility, and a wide range of licensed professionals who can provide therapy and counseling for substance use disorders. If a person’s substance use is linked to co-occurring mental health issues like depression or anxiety, it may be appropriate to consider seeing a psychiatrist, especially if medication is deemed necessary. Also, online psychiatrist options can be valuable for those seeking medication management for substance use disorders or co-occurring mental health conditions. Online psychiatric services provide a convenient way to access evaluation, diagnosis, and medication prescriptions when appropriate, and they may be integrated into a comprehensive treatment plan. However, the choice between in-person or online therapy and psychiatry should be made based on individual needs and preferences, and the severity of the substance use issue.